Brief biography of Golitsyn

Golitsyn is a prince, a state and military figure, a collector of an art collection and books. Dmitry Mikhailovich Golitsyn's cousin. Came from the Golitsyn family. Received a good home education; He owned Latin, German, Polish and Greek. In Latin spoke in his native language. Was one of the most educated people of his time. He advanced under Tsar Fedor Alekseevich; He received large land possessions from him, in the city took part in the protection of the southern borders of Russia - gg.

After the Streletsky uprising of G., he headed the Pushkarsky - cg. He was engaged in the development of state reform, advocated the development of cooperation with the countries of Western Europe. In the city, in these years, V. Golitsyn ruled Russia almost solely. Foreigners called him "great." After the palace coup, Golitsyn was in disgrace. He was deprived of boyars, property and exiled to the north.

He served a link in Kargopol, Yarensk, Mezen and Kologory. Vasily Vasilievich entered the history of Moscow as a person who cared for the improvement of the city. On his orders, wooden pavements were made on all streets, a stone bridge was built on the Moscow River “On Twelve Arks”, a building for the embassy orders and stone chambers for present places were erected in the Kremlin.

Since Golitsyn, the construction of stone houses has become widespread. Vasily Vasilievich Golitsyn personifies the early period of Russian gathering.

In his collection, home decoration items and the actual collections have not yet received a clear distinction. However, interest in art monuments and antiquity was evident. In his house, along with the products of Russian masters, there were many works of Western European art. Golitsyn belonged in Moscow and the Moscow Region several estates. His main house was the chambers in the Okhotny row on the site between the Tver and Bolshaya Dmitrovka.

The house of V. Golitsyn was a Moscow landmark, built in the early xg. He impressed with his architecture and interior decoration and was perceived by foreigners as the eighth miracle of light. Suffice it to say that the length of the building was 33 fathoms. There were 53 rooms in the house, more than two hundred doors and “window shutters”, the iron roof was gilded. Next to the chambers towered the house of Paraskeva Friday, connected to them with a covered gallery.

Klyuchevsky - everything was arranged in a European way: in large halls, the pieces of the pieces between the windows were forced by large mirrors, paintings, portraits of Russian and foreign sovereigns, German geographical maps in gilded frames hung on the walls; A planetary system was drawn on the ceilings, many hours and thermometers of artistic work completed the decoration of the rooms ”8, p.

One of the rooms, the dining room is a spacious bright room with forty -six windows of two tiers. The walls between the windows are painted with a “colored aspid”, that is, “under the marble” and on the one hand they are upholstered with gilded German leather, removed with trellis. The decoration of the hall was complemented by five mirrors, of which two were complemented in carved gilded frames, and one in a turtle frame.

The decoration also included two silver shandal. Fifteen portraits of Russian kings hung along the walls of the dining room in heavy wooden frames, from Vladimir to Peter Alekseevich and John Alekseevich. Parsun were written on canvases and on paper and enclosed in black frames: portraits of Prince Vladimir Monomakh, kings of Ivan Vasilyevich, Fedor Ivanovich, Mikhail Fedorovich, Alexei Mikhailovich.

Fedor Alekseevich was depicted on four portraits. Immediately - portraits of the patriarchs of Nikon, Joachim, images of foreign kings. The person of the Polish king is on horseback. In two frames of the person of the Polish king and his queen ”4, p. In addition, 12 German parsun hung on the walls. In a prominent place were two portraits of the owner himself in rich gilded frames behind the glasses.

Immediately placed the coat of arms of Prince V. The ceiling was tightened with “left -handed catchs”, on which “the circle of the sun, the gods of heaven with the zodia and from the planet” were drawn. From the sun depicted in the center, an eight -pointed panicadilo made of ivory was descended on the rods. On the ceiling, in addition, “in twenty stamps of carved gilded, prophetic and persons of the face were written” 14, p.

Along the walls there were seven benches upholstered in the red Angburg cloth. In the middle are three tables, near which are twenty -two chairs. In one of the deaf walls, “three curtains on the poles are brightly painted”, and on the other side on the locker organs and doshra are large bass. In the front room there was a place for a huge “about four sashes” of a German wardrobe.

On his shelves stood precious dishes: silver cups, mugs, cups, salt shakers, crystal. Among them are brother, a gift of boyar Vasily Ivanovich Streshnev. With their beauty, jasper cups in a scanny gilded frame stood out. There were a clock in elegant cases and expensive boxes.Other rooms are furnished not only for ordinary household utensils, but also decorated with works of art - portraits, engravings, drawings, mirrors in expensive frames, cabinets with precious utensils.

Golitsyn had up to four hundred pounds of silver products. In the sleeping room hung "two larvae of human stone Arap." Golitsyn gathered one of the richest libraries for his time, which was distinguished by a wide variety of publications in Russian, Polish, Latin, and German. Among the domestic manuscript books are annals, pedigree, lawships, novels, “Book on the military system”.

Of the German - grammars, a description of fish and animals, essays on history, geometry, "military charters of the Dutch land." Among the manuscripts, the works of a political and military leader, writer and publicist of the 16th century were of high value. Yuri Krizhanich. In his wards, the owner accepted foreigners who invariably admired the situation. The French diplomat Neville in the city of Golitsyn died on April 21, Kologory of Voloko-Pinezhsky volost of the Arkhangelsk province.

He was buried in the Krasnogorsk Virgin Monastery, sixteen miles from Pinega. After his expulsion from Moscow, the property of V. Golitsyn was rewritten so carefully that even “living fish from the pond of the village of Krivtsov”, “broken glass in chests” fell into the inventory. The most valuable items fell into the arms ward. Among them are icons, crosses, panicadils, parsuns, trellises, watches, mirrors, musical instruments, “wardrobes”; Some of them remain there to this day.

Separate Golitsyn things later found themselves in many cities of Russia and Ukraine: in the Feodosia Museum of Antiquities of the coin, in the Rostov Museum of Church Antiquities Icon, the Museum of the Pskov Archaeological Society of the Kurbsky manuscript. The library of V. Golitsyn in full force entered the Kremlin Palace. The once magnificent chambers of V.

Golitsyn were preserved until the x. In the city in e years. In defense of the monument in the city, he proposed to restore the building and break the square around it. However, the authorities acted differently. The wards were ruthlessly demolished in - gg. Viktorov A. Description of the notebooks and papers of ancient palace orders - Golitsyn N. Rodes of the princes of the Golitsyn.

Grabar I. About Russian architecture. Zabelin I. Ivask U. Ikonnikov B. The experience of Russian historiography. Klyuchevsky V. Course of Russian History.