Biography of the merchant family

Altai State Technical University. G. Rolzunova in the history of the merchants, the study of the genus acquires special significance, determined by the role that he played with the accumulation of property, the transfer of socio-psychological representations. The merchant clan became subject to changes that were determined by the dynamic development of commodity-money relations in the region, and these changes concerned not only economic issues, but also the relationship of generations.

In general, in the conclusions of this article, the expansion of scientific knowledge about the socio-social history of Siberia of the post-reform period is also emphasized, the points of view of historians are revealed to the role and place of merchants in the cultural, social, economic spheres of the region of the region. The domestic historiography of the history of the merchants and entrepreneurship of Siberia is represented by a significant number of works by historians of the region.

Many publications of recent years have been associated with the reconstruction of merchant births. Scientists have introduced an extensive factual material, analytical work on the history of the merchant family, merchant births were published. The authors will affect a number of problems on the history of the merchant family: the dynamics of the number of merchants are considered, the social and geographical origin of Siberian merchants was investigated, important observations were made about the family nature of the merchant’s entrepreneurial activity, the periodic renewal of the personnel of the estate, the fate of individual merchant families and entire dynasties were traced.

Historiographic analysis is relevant from the point of view of modern discussions about the contribution of merchant families to the development of cities, charity, culture, economics in pre -revolutionary Siberia, can be used in the preparation of a monographic study on the history of merchant dynasties. The revival of entrepreneurship, modern socio-economic processes encourage specialists to an in-depth study of this issue.

Keywords: historiography, Siberia, everyday life, merchant dynasty, merchant se-Olga G. In the History of the Merchants, The Study of the Genus Acquires Special Significance, Determined by the Rolege THET He Played in the Accumulation of Property, The Transfer of Socio-Psycholo-Gikeal ideas. In General, The Conclusions of this Article Emphasize the Expansion of Scientific Knowledge ABOUT THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF SIBERIA in the post-remM Point of View of Historians on the Role and Place of Merchants in the Cultural, Social, Economic Spheres of Life in the Region.

The Domestic Historiography of the History of the Merchants and EntrePreneurship of Siberia is repressented by a significant number of works by too. Many Publications of Recent Years are Associated with the Reconstruction of Merchants. The Scientists Introdued Into the Scientific Circulation An Extensave Factual Material, Publice Analytical Works On the History of the History of the History of the History of the History of the History of Generations.

The Authors Touched Upon a Number of Preblems on the History of the Merchant Family: The Dynamics of the Number of Merchants Was Examined, The Social and Geographical Origin of Siberian Merchants Was Studied, Important Observations Were Made ABOUT THE FAMILY NATURACHANTS ENTREPREENEURIAL Activity, Periodic Updating of the Estate, and the Fate of Individual Merchant Families and Entire Dynasties Was Traced.

Historiographic Analysis Is Relevant from the Point of View of Modern Discussions ABOUT THE CONTRITION OF MERCHANT FAMILIES to the Development of CITIS, CHARITY, CHARITY, CHARITY, CHARITY Culture, Economics in Pre-Revolutionary Siberia and Can Be Used in the Preparation of a MonoGraphic Study on the History of Merchant Dynasties. The Revival of Entrepreneurship, Modern Socio-Economic Processes Encourage Specialists to In-Depth Studying of this Issue.

Keywords: Historiography, Siberia, EVERYDAY LIFE, Merchant Dynasty, Merchant Family Introduction. The modern historiographic situation on the history of the merchants and entrepreneurship of Siberia of the second half of the XIX - early XX century. The economic, public, including charitable activities, everyday and family life, the fate of merchant births, the life path of individual entrepreneurs, are considered.

The study of the merchant family refers to important aspects of the study of the history of entrepreneurship, the social appearance of entrepreneurs, their material and spiritual interests. Like any other, merchant family is a complex system of relations: related, marriage, spiritual, economic, legal, and intra -family relations are always associated with the social, economic relations of society as a whole.

The purpose of the article is a historiographical analysis of the works of domestic historians on the history of merchant clans of pre -revolutionary Siberia.The importance of studying merchant clans is determined, first of all, by the fact that the social status of a merchant in the region was significantly higher than in the European part of Russia, with a small number of nobility and bureaucracy, merchants were a cultural and financial elite of Siberian society, and family values, skills and knowledge of trade, economy were transmitted from generation to generation.

The relevance of the reconstruction of merchant clans, individual biographies of merchants makes it possible, as A. Ivonin rightly noted, “the transition from a simple selection of historical facts to famous, often a priori historical and sociological schemes”, to the study of all spheres of life of the Siberian Territory throughout its diversity [22, p. At one time, the famous Russian philosopher S.

Bulgakov wrote that the history of Russian industry must be studied simultaneously “with spiritual biographies and the entire household of Russian pioneers-entrepreneurs” [5, p. According to V. Ryabushinsky, such a study should cover the period of years, since “the average period of prosperity of the genus 70 years, from the force of years I say this is not according to statistics, but from experience, not many live up to centuries” [36, p.

The chronological framework used in the article is explained by the fact that in the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries. Methodology and research methods. The work uses the methods of historical research, based on the analysis and generalization of research by other authors, using the principle of historicism. The principle of historicism made it possible to apply methods: historical-genetic, historical-logical, historical and system.

The region-oriented approach made it possible to most fully study the features of the Siberian merchants. The results of the study and their discussion. Ozhegov in his “Dictionary of the Russian Language” determined: “Rod is a number of generations that come from one ancestor, as well as a generation in general” 1. Many entrepreneurs led their family from peasants or philistines, and family business has always played a significant role in merchant families.

By the definition of S. Ozhegov, “a family is a group of relatives living together”, “unity, unification of people united by common interests” 2. The merchant as “the owner of a private trading enterprise” 3 considered his duty to transfer to children or other relatives of secrets, skills, and the features of the family business. The inheritance of the enterprise by close people, their conscientious attitude to the family business was considered the duty of the next generation, worthy of pride, and also imposed moral responsibility for descendants.

In the history of merchant genera, merchant dynasties have always occupied a special place. The company respected those merchants who were able to create a commercial enterprise using the available resources of the Siberian region, using the calculation, organizational talent of farming and other qualities, subsequently such merchants were able to transfer to the heirs and successors of the family business.

The history of the merchant family of the family is currently in demand and well -mastered genre. It contains such significant events as the birth and education of children, everyday life in marriage and family, business successes and many other facts. These events are interesting for both contemporaries and descendants of merchant births. The history of the genus and family is closely related to the problems of the history of everyday life.

However, the history of the merchants was not always an object of study for researchers. In pre -revolutionary Russia, merchants were not specially studied. A certain material characterizing the economic state of Siberia can be found in general works. So, M. Bogole -ov [3], G. Potanin [34; 35], N. Yadrinov 4, G. Baitov [2], I. Zavalishin [20], K. Golodnikov [9], G.

Kolmogorov [27], P. Golovachev [8] and others. Dictionary of the Russian language. The cultural and industrial state of Siberia: the report of I. Yadrintsev on the occasion of the celebration of the Flight of Siberia. Suvorin, for example, in the essays on the cities of Siberia, G. Potanin figuratively described the character of merchants, their mentality, habits [35].

He noted that the merchants do not give stable surnames, because the whims of trade can suddenly erect a surname from the bottom of society to the very tops, and then after two or three generations to return it back again [ibid.]. The same emphasizes the modern Barnaul historian Yu. Goncharov: “The guilders were not characterized by keeping family archives, writing diaries and memoirs, since they did not have stable merchant dynasties” [13, p.

In the pre -revolutionary literature there are works dedicated to merchant families, and even generations. In particular, A. Andrianov addresses the most famous figures of the Tomsk merchants F. Gorokhov, I. Astashev, Popov, paying great attention to the role of family-related connections in entrepreneurial activity. The author recreates the fate of some “Tomsk aces”, at the same time, at the same time that even the essay was not written about the Popovs, the most famous merchants of Tomsk [1, p.

His remark is interesting that the starting point in the formation of the capital of the largest Tomsk merchant A. Gorokhov was his marriage to the daughter of the gold miner A.Filimonova [ibid., P. Some of the pre -revolutionary authors paid attention to the level of education, literacy of Siberian entrepreneurs, noted that not all merchants sought to send their children to study at schools.

They wrote about merchant charity or, conversely, about the desire for money -grubbing. Other authors devoted their essays on industry, trade, and relations between merchants with officials. According to Yu. Goncharov, “most pre-revolutionary publications are rather superficial essays on the economic or socio-political activity of certain groups of the bourgeoisie based on a limited documentary base” [12, p.

The work methodology did not provide for a deep analysis of the relationship of the development of society and the family. Nevertheless, the conclusions of the authors of the pre-revolutionary period help modern researchers to evaluate the place and role of merchants in the socio-economic development of the region. Researchers identify the problems of the role of merchants in the social, social life of Siberian cities, the fate of individual merchant clans.

However, insufficient attention should be said to the problems of the history of the merchant family and, moreover, the history of the merchant dynasty. In the Soviet period, historians began to actively study the working class and peasantry, as time required. In the works of the x Historians used a narrow source base, and works had a descriptive nature in which the merchant acted as an exploiter.

The new stage in Russian historiography has come in the x. Goncharova, great importance for further study of the history of the bourgeoisie and merchants in Russia was discussed on the problem of the transition from feudalism to capitalism, which unfolded in E GG. G. Rabinovich made the greatest contribution to the development of the history of the merchants of the bourgeoisie [39].

He identified and first put into scientific circulation many archival documents from personal and family funds of entrepreneurs, analyzed the numbers, sources of formation, the main areas of activity.