The biography of the Durovs

Participation of N. Durova in foreign campaigns. The lecture read at the Slavic University Slavicism department, compiled by F. Valitov, director of the Elabuga introductory word museum of N. Durova. She spent ten years on the battlefields, was a member of two foreign campaigns and the Patriotic War of the year, served as an orderly man with the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army of Field Marshal M.

She went from an ordinary soldier to the headquarters of the trapister, and for committed feats, courage and courage was awarded the distinction of the military order-the soldier's George Cross. After military service, Nadezhda Durov took up literary activity. She is a talented writer of the 19th century, her work was highly appreciated by the classics of Russian literature: A.

Pushkin, V. Belinsky, N. Gogol, V. V. Elabuga is connected by more than 30 years of the life of Nadezhda Durova. Our city became its literary homeland - the famous "Notes of the Cavalryman - girl" were written here. Here she gained eternal peace. A small house in the city of Elabuga on Moskovskaya Street was the last refuge of a legendary woman. In the year in this memorial building, the only museum dedicated to this amazing woman was opened in the world, a memorial complex of N.

Durova, which is the object of tourist show, was created. Such a strange female fate is due to the fact that her childhood was unusual. The father of Nadezhda Durova - Andrey Vasilievich Durov, was a hereditary nobleman of the Vyatka province and served in Ukraine, in the Poltava, firm regiment of the captain. Mother - Anastasia Ivanovna Alexandrovich was the daughter of wealthy Ukrainian landowners.

She dreamed of the birth of her son, and was disappointed with the birth of a girl. She could not love her daughter. In the conditions of the regiment, the girl’s nanny became the father of the father - Astakhov. Astakhov went with Nadia to the squadron stable, put her on a horse, and taught her to ride early. There were pistols and sabers toys of a small nadi. The girl fell asleep and woke up to the sounds of a regimental orchestra.

Thanks to such male and camping, Nadezhda grew Shustro, bold and very similar to the boy. Record in the Tseral Book on the wedding of N. The stupid recording in the Tseral Book on the wedding of N. Durova Andrei Vasilievich Durov resigned in the year in the rank of second-major. In the year, he was appointed to the mayor in Sarapul - the city of Vyatka province in the center of Russia.

Here the Durovs settled in the noble estate. The upbringing of hope had to engage in the mother. The girl was five years old. Military education gave its results: Nadia loved horses very much, spent a lot of time on the stable, boldly climbed trees, shot well from the bow. But her mother took up her daughter re -educating: she put Nadia for needlework, taught her to sew, knit and embroider her.

But the girl had no abilities for women's classes. The relationship between Nadia and the mother was difficult. In the presence of her daughter, the mother often complained about the hardships of the female share, painted the fate of a woman in the most joyless form, talked about the imperfection and weaknesses of women. And in Nadina’s head, the decision gradually matured to overthrow the painful yoke and separate from the female sex, and for this it was necessary to learn “male” matters - shooting and exit.

Despite her mother’s ban, Nadia secretly continued to develop her riding skills at night. Andrey Vasilievich loved his eldest daughter very much. He encouraged her boyish hobbies. He said that if he had a son, he would become hope and his support in his old age. And since childhood, Nadia made a firm decision to change her fate. The father was engaged in the formation of his daughter, taught her literacy, instilled a love of literature, and also taught the French language.

She lived on her mother’s family estate for several years. Here, grandmother and aunts did everything to give her femininity, noble character traits. Nadia went to the balls that were arranged in the houses of wealthy landowners. On Sundays, everyone went to the church. At this time, her first romantic relationship arose. But at the request of the mother, Nadia was soon returned to the parental house to Sarapul.

An entry in the church book on the baptism of the son of Ivan in the church book on the baptism of the son of Ivan, at the age of 18, Nadezhda Durov was married to the assessor of the Zemsky court, an official of the 14th grade of Vasily Chernov. And in the year their son Ivan was born. N. Durov did not describe these facts of her biography, and for a long time her biographers did not know about these pages of her life.

But in the Vyatka archive, documents have been preserved - pages from the Metric Book of the Voznesensky Cathedral of the city of Sarapul with a record of the wedding of N. Durova and Vasily Chernov and the baptism of their son Ivan. However, the family life of the draft has not developed. Nadezhda returned to the parental house with her son. Such an indefatigable nature could not get along under the family oppression, ordinary at that time in Russia.

At the beginning of the 19th century, such an act was unacceptable. The woman should not resist fate. And the mother demanded that her daughter return to her husband. And Nadezhda chose another way. She decided to become a warrior.Military service Formular list of the “comrade” of the Konno -Polsky regiment of Sokolov Formular list of Sokolov, the French army under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, capturing many European countries, went to the borders of Russia.

The Russian army received an order to strengthen its ranks. Many young people dreamed of beating Bonaparte. And Nadezhda Durova decided to fulfill her childhood dream - to get into the ranks of the defenders of the Fatherland. Women were not taken into the army.

She decided on a brave step - to give herself as a man. She caught up with the Cossack regiment, which went through the city of Sarapul, called the son of the Vyatka nobleman and joined this regiment, along with them reached the city of Grodno, where there were regular troops. Private horse-Polish regiment of the Sokolov Private Konno-Polskoye Regiment of Sokolov in the year the western border of the Russian Empire lived an alarming life.

Napoleon Bonaparte, capturing almost all of Europe, fought with a half -million army in Prussia. Speaking an ally of Prussia, the advanced units of the Russian army at the end of November occupied Warsaw. In the city of Grodno, infantry and cavalry regiments gathered. Nadezhda Durov, under the name of Alexander Sokolov, recruited a comrade to the horse Polish regiment. The first formular list of Comrade Sokolov was preserved in the archives, and he gives a very real idea of ​​our heroine.

The military service was difficult. Daily drill, all day I had to sit on a horse, swing a saber, a pika. But Nadezhda Durov did not show any weakness, was withstanding, daring. No one knew that she was a woman. Battle map under Gutstadt. The battle of the Battle of Gutstadt the first major battle occurred on May 24 of the year near Gutstadt. This was the first fight of Nadezhda Durova, where everything acquired in peaceful life was checked by the harsh practice of the battle.

And for her this battle could be the last. It was in this battle that Nadezhda Durov saved the life of a wounded Russian officer, showed heroism, courage. After fierce clashes with the enemy on the banks of the Passargi River on May 25 and 26, the Russian Army on the night of May 27-28 began to go to the city of Heilsberg. The French moved after. Stubborn battles between the French and Russian regiments occurred near the villages of Wolfsdorf and Ankendorf.

The battle continued all day. The Russian cavalry tied hand -to -hand combat with the French cavalry and stopped it. And the guards artillery, standing on the right bank of Alla, against the mouth of the Slubah River, stopped the French infantry with intense crankcase fire. All the properties of a wild beast are then connected in it! This is not courage! I do not know how to call this wild, brutal courage, but it is not worthy to be called indestructibility!

Battle map near Heilsberg.