ShOLOGROGRADE Sholokhov

Biography Childhood and Youth Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sholokhov was born on May 24. In the year the Sholokhov family moves to the Kargin farm. And when Misha was 7 years old, he is admitted to the male parish school. Further education of the future writer takes place during the First World War. From in G. in gg. In October, having arrived in the capital to continue education and did not act, he was forced to change many working specialties in order to feed himself.

He works as a loader, a mason, an accountant in the residential administration on Krasnaya Presnya. At the same time, in the life of Mikhail Sholokhov there was always time for self -education. In December, the beginning of literary activity, creativity in Sholokhov’s life has always occupied an important role. For the first time his works were printed in the year. He gets acquainted with representatives of the literary environment, attends the Litobobean Classes “Young Guard”.

The first writing experiments of the young Sholokhov dates back to this time. In the fall of the year, “Youth Pravda” publishes two feuilletons - “test” and “three”. After the publications of feuilletons in newspapers, the writer publishes his stories in magazines. In the year, the first of Sholokhov’s Don stories - “Mole” was published in the newspaper “Young Leninets”.

Later, all the stories from this cycle were combined into three collections: “Don Stories”, “Lazorov Steppe” and “On Kolchak, Capiva and so” Sholokhov joins the Russian Association of Proletarian Writers. On the pages of the central publications, Sholokhov’s stories “Shepherd”, “Shibalkovo seed”, “Nahalenok”, “Mortal enemy”, “Aleshkino Heart”, “Two-Miner”, “Kolovet”, the story “The Way-Red”, and in the year the collections “Don Stories” and “Lace Steppe” are appearing.

In the year, Mikhail Alexandrovich begins the creation of the novel “Quiet Don”. During these years, the Sholokhov family lives in Karginskaya, then in Bukanovskaya, and from a year in Vyoshenskaya. In the year, the October magazine begins to print the Quiet Don. After the publication of the first volume of the novel, difficult days come for the writer. Doubts about authorship are expressed.

Sholokhov is only 23 years old, but he steadily and courageously endure attacks. He is helped by confidence in his abilities, in calling. To stop evil slander, rumors about plagiarism, he appeals to the responsible secretary and member of the editorial board of the newspaper Pravda M. Ulyanova with an urgent request to create an expert commission and gives her the manuscripts of the “Quiet Don”.

In the spring of the year, writers A. Serafimovich, L. Averbakh, V. Kirshon, A. Fadeev, V. Stavsky act in Pravda in defense of the young author, relying on the conclusions of the commission. Rumors stop. The novel was over the year. In the years, Sholokhov begins work on the novel "Raised virgins." The family of January 11, Maria Petrovna, graduating from the Ust-Medvedi Diocesan School, worked in Art.

Bukanovskaya, first by a teacher in elementary school, then a clerk in the executive committee, where he was an inspector of Sholokhov at that time. He loved her sister Lydia, but at the insistence of the father of the girl - the Stanichnaya Ataman, he was forced to be combined with the marriage with her eldest daughter. Two years later, the daughter of Svetlana, in the year, son Alexander, was born in the family.

In the year, the couple became the parents of the son of Michael, and three years later the family was replenished with another member - the daughter of Maria. Having married, the Sholokhovs were inseparable until the end of their days.

Together they lived for 60 years, growing and raising four children. In recent years before his death, the writer returned to his homeland - to Don in the village of Vyoshenskaya. Mikhail Alexandrovich almost did not write, but with X he stopped being printed. Hunting and fishing, his favorite vacation walks in the fresh air, became his favorite activities. The writer is the famous world, did not refuse to help anyone.

He supported good deeds. For money from the Nobel Prize, a school was built. M. Sholokhov died on February 21. His grave is in the garden near the house, on the high Don coast. In the year of the death of the writer, the State Museum-Reserve M. was formed in his homeland during the life of the village of Vyoshenskaya, he established a bronze bust. The name of Sholokhov was named one of the asteroids, many documentary projects were removed about him.

There are monuments to Mikhail Sholokhov in almost all major cities of Russia. The works of M. Sholokhov were published once by a total circulation of a copy in more than 90 languages ​​of the world. Nobel Prize awards year for the novel "Quiet Don"; The Stalin Prize is a year for the novel “Quiet Don” of the Leninsky Prizes in the field of literature year for the novel “Raised virgin”; International World of Culture of the World Council of the World.

International Literary Prize "Sofia". International Prize "Lotus" of writers of Asia and Africa. Twice the Hero of Socialist Labor, in the biography of Mikhail Sholokhov there are interesting facts. Mikhail was born in the year when his parents were not yet in an official marriage, so he wore the nickname “Nahallenok” for a long time and was an object of bullying for other Cossack children.

At this time, his mother was officially the wife of Kuznetsov, so Misha was also recorded under this surname. Since he was the son of a Cossack according to the documents, he was allocated a land plot along with everyone.In M, Kuznetsov died and only after that Anastasia and Alexander Sholokhov were able to sign, and Misha had to adopt. Now he had the surname Sholokhov and was the son of a tradesman.

In the year, Sholokhov was sentenced to be shot. He acted as a tax inspector and exceeded his official powers. When Sholokhov came to get married to one of the daughters of P. Gromoslavsky, the former Cossack chieftain proposed to take his daughter to his wife, his eldest Mary. In the year they got married. They lived in marriage for 60 years, four children were born in the family.

In years, the first two volumes of the novel “Quiet Don” are published. The young author attracted attention. However, universal recognition and world glory came to him much later - after the publication of the third and fourth books about the life of the Don Cossacks. A feature of Sholokhov’s work has always been a great interval between the volumes of one work. With a large delay - in ten years - the end of the novel “Quiet Don” came out.

The second part of the book “Raised virgin” was born even longer - about thirty years. And the alleged continuation of the novel “They fought for their homeland” did not work out at all. The manuscript of the “Pacific Don” was lost during the war and was found after the death of its author - in the meter, the problem of the authorship of his works periodically surfaced around the name Sholokhov.

After the release of the novel “Quiet Don”, the question arose: how such a young writer for such a short period was able to create such a voluminous work. By order of Joseph Stalin, a commission was even created, which, having studied the writer's manuscript, confirmed his authorship. In the year, Mikhail Sholokhov became the Laureate of the Nobel Prize in Literature.

His name for several years, more precisely - eight times, was considered among potential candidates for one of the most prestigious awards. In addition to the TOG, the prize received by the writer was first perceived in the Soviet Union as a great achievement. In the year, Boris Pasternak, who became the owner of this year’s prize, was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature with Sholokhov.

Brodsky, Bunin, Solzhenitsyn was awarded this award in exile, Pasternak was forced to abandon the award. At the Nobel Prize ceremony, Sholokhov was supposed to bow to the king of Sweden, but Mikhail Alexandrovich stood evenly, giving his whole appearance to understand that the Cossacks did not bow their heads to anyone.