Mikhaya Eminescu biography

Romanian and Moldavian poet, classic of Moldavian and Romanian literature. Born in the Moldavian town of Botoshany in a year in a large family. His parents came from aristocratic families. Mikhai was sent to a gymnasium, to the administrative center of Bukovina Austria-Hungary-Chernivtsi, where teaching was conducted in German. The German language was given to him with difficulty, in contrast to the Romanian literature, which was taught by Aron Pumplings - a participant in the revolution of the year, who instilled in the students a love of the Romanian language and a sense of patriotism.

In the year, he joined the group of provincial actors and wandered with her. The first published poem of the poet - “At the grave of Aron Pumplings” was printed in the journal “Tears of the Lyceumists”. In this poem, the lyrical hero calls for mourning the whole of Bukovina on the occasion of the death of one of the best teachers of Romania. The poem was published in the year.

In the same year, the poem “Crushed Boys” was written, and at the same time the Familia Peshta magazine “Family” published several poems by Eminescu. Having not completed training at the gymnasium in Chernivtsi, Eminescu, at the insistence of his father, leaves for study in Vienna, where he becomes a free listener of the university and studies philology, philosophy and jurisprudence.

During this period, he published a cycle of poems and the patriotic poem "Epigons". In the fall of the year, the poet moves to Berlin, where he listens to a lecture cycle at the University of Berlin. The transfers of Eminescu from the works of the philosophers Kant and Confucius have been preserved. The Paris Commune had a great influence on the poetic attitude of the poet.

After his move to Berlin, a love theme dominates in his work. Eminescu is the author of the best love poems in world poetry. He is called the last romantic poet in Europe. In September, the poet moves to Yass in search of earnings, where he is arranged by a teacher in a gymnasium, at the same time as a librarian and school inspector. Here he finishes the poem “Klen”, in which in an allegorical form he glorifies reunification with his homeland.

After moving to Yassi, the poet writes mainly philosophical works. In the year, at the invitation of the newspaper of the Conservative Party Timpul, Eminescu moves to Bucharest Eminescu. The lack of fees for literary work forces him to constantly seek additional earnings. During this period, he writes the socio-philosophical “Enjunctions”. The key work of Eminesc is the poem "Luchaferul" Rum.

The artistic method of the poem is romantic, but the poet raises realistic topics, in particular, the theme of the fate of the rejected genius. The main character at the end of the poem says: you live in your circle with the happiness of man, but I can’t be otherwise - I am cold and eternal! The best, most piercing poems and this poem Eminescu wrote up to a year. A novel with the muse of his life by Veronika Mikle began in their early youth, they are peers when Veronica was a married woman.

When her husband died, the former much older than her, the lovers had the hope that they could live together. Alas, they did not succeed in the so -called happy family life. In the year, the poet experienced the first bouts of mental illness, which, despite the treatment, aggravated and led him to death. Eminescu died in June in a psychiatric hospital in Bucharest.

During his lifetime, only one collection of his poems was published, the poem “Luchaferul” also included in him. Today, not only in Romania, but also in other countries, there are monuments to the poet, by his name and name Veronica Mikle call streets, on the day of his birth and on his death, special celebrations are held, numerous literary and critical work of Mikhai Eminescu specialists continue to be published and, of course, translations of his poems into many languages ​​are carried out.

Two lives of Mikhai Eminescu in the year in the Romanian village of Veratec, on the territory of the monastery of the same name, I stood at the grave of a woman with an unusual fate. She was a blond beauty with blue eyes and wrote poetry. She committed suicide at the age of 39, having experienced only two months of the one who was her light. Life without him has lost its meaning for her.

Her name was Veronika Mikle, and her lover was Mikhai Eminescu. I often recall that day, drizzling rain, a crypt blackened from time to time. For me, this place, this grave, this tragic story of the poet’s love, his poems for Veronica, her poems dedicated to him - a special world, which has long become part of my life. This is something deeply personal, secret, associated with my childhood, youth, youth, with beautiful, melodic, as if created for poems by the Romanian language, in which my grandmother and her husband who died in the ghetto spoke, my grandfather.

Romanian was perfectly owned by both my dad and his students, with whom he taught Russian literature. Eminescu verses sounded to me in the original in childhood, then we read them at school, memorized them by heart, understanding them very superficially. And almost forty years later in another country, far from my homeland, I open a volume of selected poems by Mikhai Eminescu and begin to translate them - contrary to the fear of “spoil” the original!The most famous poet-classic in Romania, whose poems were translated into 60 languages, suddenly came down to me from the pedestal, became alive, subtly sensitive-with a special sad and beautiful world-a man whose biography is better to study according to his poems.

I translate them from the original and sympathize with many translators who did not know Romanian, at their disposal there was only a trim. And therefore, in most cases, the music of the verse, its very sound, grace and brilliance of rhymes and metaphors - all this has gone from the texts. As a result, with the rare exception of Anna Akhmatova, Maria Petrov, David Samoilov, there are competent, technically executed transfers, devoid of a personal imprint.

Eminescu could not write such poems. And I try to get away from the vocabulary that the poet often imposed on the poet translating him in the style of sentimental, sweetish, involuntarily ignoring his sharp mind, his tendency to philosophy, his desire for the sparse air of mountain surveillance and constellations glowing over them. He lived in two worlds - earthly and heavenly, one remained a stranger for him, and the other was until his death by the air with which he breathed.

The tragedy of Mikhai Eminescu is that these are parallel worlds, and even attempts to intersects lead to crises and mental pain. But it was this second second, inaccessible to most people, the world immortalized the poet. There are no perfect translations, especially when it comes to genius. And Mikhai Eminescu is a genius, and if I manage to preserve at least a piece of his soul in translations, I will be happy.