Alexander Sergeevich Yakovlev Biography

The future illustrious aircraft designer was born in a family of an employee. His father, Sergey Vasilievich, led the transport department in the oil company “The Nobel Brothers Partnership” later - the Moscow Office of Ottesindicate. Mother, Nina Vladimirovna, was a housewife. Three children were born in the family, Alexander was the eldest. In the year, he entered the preparatory class of a private male gymnasium P.

Gymnasium was considered one of the best in Moscow, it had perfectly equipped rooms and excellent teachers. Sasha studied greatly. His favorite objects were history, literature and geography, on them he always had excellent assessments, and in physics, mathematics and chemistry, which more approached his future specialty, he basically received four. He loved drawing, which is important for the future designer.

In this subject, encouraged by teachers and mother, he managed to achieve great success. In his school years, he attended classes in a radio gun, where he personally assembled a radio receiver. He mastered Alexander and the carpentry, with enthusiasm for creating various models of steam locomotives, bridges, and railway cars. The event that forever changed the life of A. Yakovlev took place in the year when, in the last grade of the gymnasium, he organized the cell of “young friends of the Air Fleet” in the voluntary society of friends of the air fleet that arose in those years.

According to the instructions in the journal, Alexander collected a flying model of the glider with a wing of the wing of two meters and successfully tested it. From this moment, his love for aviation begins, which eventually made A. Yakovlev one of the most outstanding aviation designers of the 20th century. Yakovlev in the center among the circles of the Society of Friends of the Air Fleet, he was able to achieve universal recognition thanks to the great desire to create new aircraft, which he managed to carry through his whole life.

Later, Alexander Sergeyevich himself spoke about this feeling in his memoirs: “When I built a glider, I was possessed by an irresistible desire to construct the plane. Later I wanted to make another one, but better, then the third ... You build a new plane and think: “If only he flew, I don’t need anything more in my life! This glider made his first flight on September 15.

The first independent design A. Yakovlev is called up in the Red Army and serves at the N. Zhukovsky VVA Air Force Academy. Here he was first a utility worker, and then a motorist of the Academy flight detachment. In July of the same year, on the AIR-1 aircraft, the pilot Yu. Piontkovsky set the first world records of the Soviet Union-in terms of the range of km and the duration of 15 hours 30 minutes of flight.

For these achievements, A. Yakovlev in the year was enrolled in the VVA outside the competition. He studied at the Academy for up to a year, simultaneously continuing to create light aircraft. After the release, Yakovlev worked for some time an engineer at a serial plant, but already in the year he built the Air-6 aircraft, which again attracted the attention of specialists.

A year later, on this aircraft equipped with floats for landing, it was possible to exceed the official international range for seaplanes. Continuing to work on the design of sports aircraft, A. Yakovlev was created by a sports double aircraft Air designer A. Yakovlev, engineers and equipment at the first copy of the Air-7 multi-purpose aircraft. The construction of AIR-7 made it obvious that the monoplanic scheme, which gives superiority in flight speed, is more appropriate and better suited for combat aircraft.

In the year, the young design team, who was headed by Alexander Sergeyevich, designed and built a training freezing monoplane U. This was a single plane with a standard air cooling engine that developed the power of L. In the case of installation on the aircraft forced engine with a power of l. Thanks to the invaluable experience, which was able to accumulate in the process of designing and building training aircraft, the KB, led by A.

Yakovlev, was able to proceed to the development of fighter aircraft and was noted by the attention of the country's leadership. In the front row: the pilot Yu. Piontkovsky and aircraft designer A. in the second row: A. Stalin and K. The first combat vehicle became and, who was significantly different from the aircraft of this class created in other design bureaus.

Like all the aircraft of A. Yakovlev, the plane was distinguished by a small mass and thoughtfulness, one can even say - elegance, constructive forms, which became his business card. In serial production, this combat aircraft went out in the year under the designation of the Yak-1, the Yak-1 creation was a great achievement for all domestic aircraft. Already during the war years, A.

Yakovlev conducted a large amount of work to improve the aerodynamics of the Yak-1 aircraft, which made it possible to design a fighter, which had a flight mass of kg and high maneuverable and speed characteristics. This fighter was the no less legendary Yak plane with a forced engine of constructor V.Upon completion of the testing of the aircraft with the VK engine, a conclusion was drawn up, which noted that according to the main flight and technical characteristics in the range of heights from the ground to the practical ceiling of the flight, the aircraft is the best of the built Soviet and foreign fighters.

This vehicle began to enter the warheads from a year. It was the most maneuverable and light fighter of World War II. It was on the yak-3 aircraft that French pilots-volunteers from the famous regiment “Normandy-Neman” flew. During the war years, to ensure reliable cover for bombing aircraft of the KB A. Yakovlev, an escort fighter was designed, which had a heavier weapon and a larger flight range than the Yak-1 and the Yak fighter became the Yak-9, which was armed with a MM gun and two large-caliber 12.7 mm machine guns.

During the Great Patriotic War, the Yak-9 fighters were widely used for attacks on ground targets. And the appearance of the Yak-9D and Yak-9DD aircraft in the Air Force, which had a flight range and KM, respectively, allowed to ensure the maintenance of transport aircraft to Yugoslavia, which was especially important at the final stage of the war. In total, over 40 thousand Yak fighters of different models were built during the war years.

Thousands of Soviet pilots fought on them, gaining victories over the German aces on Messerschmitt and Fokkevulfs, which was a considerable personal merit of A. Collective farmer F. Golovaty and Guard Major B. Yeremin at the Yak-3 fighter, May, until July, Alexander Sergeyevich, at the same time, he was working as deputy aircraft for the Aviation Aviation Commissar Industry for experimental aircraft and science, and since March of the same year - Deputy Minister of Aviation Industry for General Affairs.

In July, in connection with high loading and employment in the Design Bureau, he left this position of his own free will. From for the year, A. Yakovlev was the chief designer of the KB, and from and before retirement in the year - he served as a general designer. After the end of World War II in aviation, re -equipment on reactive equipment took place.

Yakovlev and his design bureau created not only military equipment, but also civilian aircraft. For example, here they gave the life of a whole generation of light-engine aircraft: a multi-purpose yak, training yak and yak, the first Yak and Yak educational aircraft in the Soviet Union can separately mention the Yak passenger plane, which began to transport passengers in the year. At that time, it was the only aircraft in the USSR, certified according to Western flights of flight and purchased by Germany, Italy and other foreign states.

Later, a local passenger plane of the Yak, which has high economy, will be created in the KB. Since the year, the Kiev class cruisers began to receive combat aircraft of vertical and short take -off and landing of the Yak, which were the first deck aircraft of this type in the world. In total, more than 70 thousand Yak aircraft were built of all types.

In the most difficult years for the country, two -thirds of the entire fighter park were the aircraft of Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev. Under the direct leadership of this outstanding aviation designer, more types of machines were created, of which they went into serial production. At different times, 86 different world records were installed on the aircraft of A.

Yakovlev’s aircraft. The main features of Alexander Sergeyevich were clarity of goal, perseverance, despite the difficulties and sometimes failure, in bringing the work begun to the end. In his memoirs, he wrote: “Figuratively speaking, the designer must have three“ and ”. This is primarily intelligence - knowledge and skill. This is, secondly, the initiative is the ability to propose your ideas.

Finally, this intuition is the ability to find the right solution to a difficult task without having sufficient data for this. ” A. Yakovlev owned these three “and” perfectly, showing himself not only an outstanding designer, but also a brilliant organizer. Yakovleva ”, whose leadership managed to preserve leading specialists and create an excellent reactive training aircraft Yak Yak-a Russian educational-combat aircraft developed by the OKB named after Currently, employees of the OKB named after Yakovleva developed and brought for tests the trunk passenger aircraft MS Yakovlev was the owner of many awards and awards: six Stalinist awards,,,,, and gg.

He was awarded 10 orders of Lenin, two orders of the Red Banner, two orders of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the orders of Suvorov of the 1st and 2nd degrees, the Order of the October Revolution, the orders of the Red Banner of Labor and the Red Star. In addition, the Soviet designer also had foreign awards, in particular, the French officer cross of the Order of the Legion of Honor and the Military Cross, as well as the Aviation Gold Medal from the FAI International Aviation Federation.

He lived in Moscow, where he died on August 22 and was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.