Blocs biography book

I devote this book to the poet’s mother from the author to the first edition, taking the difficult task of writing a biography of Al. Blok, I warn in advance that this is no more than an imperfect attempt to give a brief outline of the poet’s life, supplementing the memories of his contemporaries. He was born and lived until the age of nine in my grandfather’s father’s house. To me, as a aunt of his close friendship with his mother, many facts of his life are known.

Therefore, I took the courage to write about him exactly now that his full biography cannot be written for obvious reasons. From the author to the second edition, the book now published in the ed. It is printed in a slightly modified and corrected form. Quotes from the bloc's letters are rebuilt with the text. The book was attached to the “index” 1, compiled to ... S. Labutin 2.

October G. Chapter the first name of Alexander Alexandrovich Blok - German. His grandfather, his father, led his family from the doctor Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, Ivan Leontyevich Blok, the Meklenburg native and nobleman, who was educated at the medical faculty of one of the German universities and arrived in Russia in the year. The doctor Ivan Leontyevich Blok took part in the seven -year war.

Under Catherine II, he was a life-surgeon and accompanied Paul abroad. Under Paul, he was granted in the Yamburg district an estate. In the Plushar 3 dictionary, against his name is a short - writer. His son, Alexander Ivanovich, who held various court posts under Nicholas I, was especially recovered by the merits of this king, who awarded him several estates in different counties of the St.

Petersburg province. Subsequently, all his enormous fortune was distributed between members of a large family, consisting of four sons and four daughters, and to the next generation reached a significantly reduced form. All his brothers began their career with military service, and Konstantin continued it until the end, taking the participation in Turkestan and Turkish campaigns at one time.

Lev Aleksandrovich was educated at the School of Law 5. His school comrades and Ivan Sergeyevich Sergeyevich Sergeyevich Sergeyevich. At the end of the course, he served in the Senate, was sent to the audit and received the title of chamber junker. Then the Gdovskiy nobility chose him as its leader; In one of his raids in the city of Pskov, he met the family of the Governor of Cherkasov and married one of his daughters, Ariadne Alexandrovna, a girl of extraordinary beauty.

The poet’s great -grandfather, Alexander Lvovich Cherkasov, judging by the meager information that has come to our time, was known as a man from the ordinary and cruel. There are no portraits left, but only one silhouette conveying the handsome profile. Alexander Lvovich served in Siberia. All his four daughters received home education. To the information about Grandfather Lev Aleksandrovich, we will add that, already being married and the father of two sons, Alexander and Peter, he was appointed chairman of the Novgorod state chamber.

His eldest son, Alexander Lvovich, the father of the poet, studied and finished the course at the Novgorod gymnasium. And Lev Aleksandrovich received the next appointment in St. Petersburg-to the position of vice director of the Department of Customs Duties. The family settled in a state -owned apartment on the Neva embankment, on Vasilyevsky Island, near the palace bridge.

The grandmother of the poet, Ariadne Aleksandrovna, was a kind and humble mother of the family. Her life cannot be called happy, since her husband was distinguished by the morals of Lovelas and was stingy. The end of her life, after the death of her husband who died in a psychiatric hospital, she spent her daughter in the family of her beloved grandchildren.

Pyotr Lvovich graduated from the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University. During the Turkish war, he volunteered for one of the rifle regiments. Then, having married, he served the Ministry of Finance, and devoted the rest of his life to the bar. He was a man who loved literature who loved poets and music. Young blocks, all four, differed in great musicality: Alexander Lvovich and Olga Lvovna played the piano, Peter Lvovich - on the violin, Ivan Lvovich - on the cello.

It is interesting to note one feature of Peter Lvovich.

He was almost devoid of musical hearing and at the same time endowed with musical memory and a rare sense of rhythm, which allowed him to convey entire operas, such as Glinka, giving a complete concept about them with his strange voice. And it is interesting in this that, too, almost literally, we can say about his native nephew: he was also deprived of musical hearing and was distinguished by a striking sense of rhythm.

I am talking, of course, about the poet. The aunt of the poet, Olga Lvovna, got married very early. She had an extensive family, including her daughter Olga and Sonya, cute girls who were friends with Alexander Alexandrovich at the time of his students 1. About the poet’s father, Alexander Lvovich, I will talk further. In general, I had to say a little about the family of blocks, since I personally did not know them.

On the part of the mother, Alexander Alexandrovich Blok is purely Russian.His mother is the daughter of a professor at the University of St. Petersburg, the famous rector and advocate of higher women's education Andrei Nikolayevich Beketov, who was married to Elizabeth Grigoryevna Karelina, daughter Grigory Sruych Karelin, an extremely talented and energetic researcher of Central Asia.

My grandfather Nikolai Alekseevich Beketov, a large master and a very rich landowner, owned several estates in the Saratov, Penza and Ryazan provinces. In his youth he served in the Navy, but soon resigned, married and settled in the village. His wife, the nee Yakushkin, his niece of the Decembrist died early, leaving her daughter and three sons. The first time after her death, the children were brought up by a Swiss, Madame Fournier, a very kind woman who managed to replace orphans an early dead mother.

They received further education in St. Petersburg. The daughter of Ekaterina Nikolaevna, given to the Smolny Institute, at the end of the course returned to her father. The eldest son, Alexei Nikolaevich, graduated from a course in an engineering school, but subsequently surrendered to zemstvo activities and for many years in a row took the place of the chairman of the Penza provincial council.

The younger sons received a university education. A well -known chemist, later an academician, came out of Nikolai Nikolaevich. My father chose Botanik with his specialty. All three brothers showed a tendency to social activity and perceived the humane ideas of the forties. By the time the children ended their education, my grandfather went bankrupt and lost almost all the fortune, so that the sons had to exist, no longer counting on the support of his father.

He himself survived his century in the same Alferievka where his children grew up, maintaining the old order until the end of his days, with a large jatur, three cooks and thin dinners. My father Andrei Nikolaevich was the most alive, versatile and bright of the Beketov brothers. In early youth, he was fond of Fourirism, at one time he was seriously engaged in philosophy, studying Plato, was far from alien to literature, already in old age he was read out by Tolstoy and Turgenev, the second part of Gethev Faust.

In social activities, he showed great energy and passion. The time of his rectivity was left by a very bright mark in the history of St. Petersburg University. Students owe him especially to him, in the organization of which he introduced completely new elements. Not a single rector was so close to you and youth neither before nor after it. Incidentally, he continually disturbed the police authorities, bustling about the release of students sitting in the house of preliminary imprisonment.

His energy and perseverance in this direction were so indefatigable that he once achieved an extraordinary result: at his request, one fourth -year student sitting in the fortress received permission to keep graduation exams, being at the university under the escort, and thus ended the course and received a candidate diploma. As for my father’s activities in terms of higher female education, we can safely say that he was its creator from the very beginning of this course.

Very few people know that Bestuzhevsk courses are not called Beketovsky only because during their opening, the father was in a bad account in the highest spheres where he created the reputation of Robespierre. The whole appearance of the father was pretty and charming. Kindness, high nobility, sincerity, children's immediacy and trusting were the main features of his attractive nature.

Live, hot, affectionate, he was a universal favorite not only in his own family, but also in his wife's family. He was loved by the professor's comrades and even more students and students, whom he had a great many. His giftedness was manifested both in scientific work and in lectures that attracted a lot of listeners. He spoke three languages, painted with a pencil and a pen, composed funny tales to his children, which he immediately illustrated with brisk, bold drawings.

My grandfather was wonderful for my mother. Even young artillery lieutenant, he acquired solid knowledge in all sectors of the natural sciences. His military career failed because of a bold joke at Arakcheev, who sent him to the city of Orenburg. Here he married a local native, beauty and smart girl Sasha Semenova daughter of a retired officer of one of the guards regiments, who received education and upbringing in the St.

Petersburg boarding house Madame Shreder, where, by the way, teachers and Greek 6 were taught. The brilliant abilities and education of the artillery lieutenant attracted the attention of two Orenburg military military. Governors. On their behalf, he made a number of travels in Central Asia, being seconded to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. All four of his daughters were born in Orenburg.

The youngest is Elizaveta Grigoryevna - the future grandmother of Alexander Alexandrovich. From Orenburg, the Karelin family moved to the Moscow province, where the Trubitsyno estate was bought. Karelin himself continued to travel when exploring Siberia. He left his family for several years in a row and only occasionally went into the village, bringing diversity and festive revival to his home atmosphere.

In one of these raids, he spent five years in Trubitsyn in a row, after which he left his wife and children forever and stopped his travels, continuing to engage in science and living in the city of Guryev, where he died. The life of the Karelin family in the absence of a father was quite monotonous. The funds were small, lived modestly. Sometimes the mother let go of one of her daughters to Moscow - to stay with friends.

Alexandra Nikolaevna Karelina, a powerful and harsh woman, raised her daughters in S-Partan and did not indulge them with affection, but then developed strong characters and independence in them. Her husband helped her to form them. In exchange for teachers on which there were no means, he compiled a beautiful library from Russian, French and German classics and scientific works in French for his daughters.

This library was mainly used by his lesser and beloved daughter Lisa, our future mother, who was most like his father with his temper and gifts. When, according to the custom of that time, to replenish the funds, the mother began to take the daughters of the rich bar for teaching their sciences, all these young ladies were provided by Lisa, who already at the age of fifteen taught them, by the way, of history and geography.